Keywords
allergiа
allergic test
How to Cite
Abstract
Nowadays one of the most important medical problems is an increase of amount of patients with the burdened allergist anamnesis. According to different literary sources, on the average 30% of dental patients make a risk group. For patients with the burdened allergic anamnesis introduction of preparations for local anesthesia is attended with the high degree of risk of development of heavy complications. The use of methods of laboratory diagnostics in vitro is needed before realization of anesthesia for prevention of complications. The choice of the most safe and informing method of research on the selection of preparations for a local anesthesia for patients with the burdened allergic anamnesis is an important task for a practical health protection.
The studies conducted in 225 patients, aged 20 to 65 years, applying for dental care and the need for local anesthesia. All patients when treatment was carried out clinical examination, history taking in patients, attention was drawn to identify a predisposition to allergic reactions.
All patients with contraindications for skin Allergy tests prior to the execution of local anesthesia, we conducted additional laboratory studies. The study of cellular immunity was performed using the method of spontaneous rosette T-lymphocytes peripheral blood (EA–ROCK) man with sheep erythrocytes.
All patients underwent a thorough history of life in the presence of predisposing factors for the development of allergic reactions. Before performing local anesthesia in patients with no contraindications, was used skinallergic tests with solutions of local anesthetics. In the study of life anamnesis it was found that 74 patients (32,8%) considered themselves healthy, and have not observed any allergic reactions. When conducting in this group of patients skin tests, performed in accordance with standard methodology, it was found that the local anaesthetics caused an allergic reaction in this group of patients in this ratio artemin (35,1%), ultracain (24,3%), mepivacaine (22,9%). Consequently, the patients noted the presence of a latent Allergy, no other clinical manifestations of which are dependent on the state of the individual reactivity and the lack of identified somatic diseases.
We carried out a comparative study of the quantitative characteristics of the active thymus-dependent leukocytes as for the development of clinical signs of an allergic reaction needs to be the willingness of cellular and humoral reactions, primarily the increased sensitivity of cells to the effects of mediators which develops on the background of a sensibilization of an organism of the patient. The laboratory determination of the number of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood in patients with burdened allergic anamnesis it was found that the total number of high confidence greater than average norms of 151,7%. These data prove the increased activity indicators of cellular immunity and the presence of processes of sensitization in the studied group of patients. Therefore, the development of processes reduced activitycompensatory mechanisms occurring immune system dysfunction that leads to the development of clinical manifestations of allergic and toxic reactions in response to the introduction of drugs.
When studying the results of laboratory tests it was found that patients with identified allergic reactions (135 people) most often evoked sensitization of local anesthetic solutions of drugs: ultracain DS-Forte 98%, arteminForte 79% and lidocaine and 77% of cases. It was also found that the group of drugs mepivacaine also caused the abnormal reaction of the active T lymphocytes: mepivacain 57%, scandonest in 47% of cases.
Based on the results of the study, it can be argued that revealed the presence of immunological changes in patients with burdened allergic history requires individual selection of drugs using laboratory studies to prevent the development of various types of allergic and immuno-toxic reactions. The results obtained and the analysis confirms the relevance of the problem and presents the evidence base for implementation of rational schemes for the prevention of allergic reactions in patients on an outpatient dental reception.
In the article results over of research of sensitization are brought for patients on an ambulatory stomatological reception. The results of comparison of allergist anamnesis of patients are described before stomatological interference and results of allergictests.
Keywords: anamnesis, allergiа, allergic test.
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